What must be controlled when operating a train from the non-leading end?

When operating a train from the non-leading end, it is essential to ensure that the movement is carefully monitored. This is crucial because the view from the non-leading end is limited, and the engineer may not have a direct line of sight to all conditions on the track ahead. Careful monitoring allows the crew to remain aware of any potential hazards, track changes, or signals that may not be immediately visible.

By keeping a close watch on the train's movement, alongside using signaling and communication systems, the crew can make informed decisions to maintain safety and adhere to operational protocols. This involves being vigilant about the train's performance and surroundings, which is paramount in ensuring safe and efficient train operations, particularly in situations where visibility and control are compromised.

While factors like speed, communication, and adjustments to operation are important in general train operations, the key priority when operating from the non-leading end is the continuous and careful monitoring of the train's movement to prevent incidents.